Therefore, the objective of this paper is to present a proposal for differentiated teaching activity about Moon phases supported by the theoretical principles of Meaningful Learning at Physics classes. These activities finished with a Comics elaboration about the Moon phases. The proposals presented here include the active participation of students in experimental activities and other didactic activities, for their continuous evaluation during the process. These strategies were devised based on the reference frame of the Meaningful Learning, as elaborated by Ausubel. The development of different strategies in relation to traditional methods, aimed to teaching-learning process on this topic was considered in this study. Among the spontaneous conceptions in Astronomy that high school students carry with them, even after the end of the school, we emphasized in this research the Moon phases. This paper presents one of the concepts of Astronomy and its consequent failure in teaching this topic in high school, even when the official documents point out the necessity of Astronomy teaching at this school level. (Breton Title: Uma Proposta de Atividade Para a Aprendizagem Significativa sobre as Fases da Lua.) Una Actividad Propuesta Para EL Aprendizaje Significativo Acerca de Las Fases de la Luna Neste trabalho propomos a construção deĪ Proposed Activity for a Meaningful Learning about the Moon Phases.
Presentamos también un texto explicativo sobre las fases de la Luna, enfatizando la dependencia de la apariencia de la parte iluminada con el ángulo de visión. El uso de una caja cerrada permite observar el contraste entre las diferentes fases sin necesidad de estar en un recinto oscuro. El material ayuda la visualización de dos efectos importantes: (1º) a pesar de tener siempre la mitad de la Luna (representada por una bolita de espuma plástica o de ping-pong), iluminada por el Sol ( representado por una fuente de luz natural o artificial), vemos diferentes fracciones de su superficie iluminada, dependiendo del ángulo por el cual la vemos (2º) la orientación del borde convexo de la Luna en las fases Creciente y Menguante también depende de la perspectiva por la cual la miramos desde la Tierra. El principal objetivo de nuestro material es facilitar la comprensión de las fases de la Luna desde la perspectiva de un observador en la Tierra. En este trabajo proponemos la construcción de material didáctico de bajo costo para demostración del concepto de fases de un cuerpo iluminado. We also present a text on the Moon phases, emphasizing the dependence of the aspect of the bright part on the angle of sight. The use of a closed box allows one to see the contrast among the different phases with no need of a dark room. The material allows the visualization of two important effects: (1st) even though all the time half Moon is illuminated by the Sun, we see different fractions of the illuminated Moon surface, depending on our angle of sight (2nd) the orientation of the convex part of the Moon in the crescent and waning phases on the sky also depends on our perspective from Earth. The main objective of our model is to help the understanding of the Moon phases as viewed from the perspective of an observer on Earth. We present a very simple concrete model to demonstrate the concept of phases of an illuminated body. Kemper, Érico Goulart, Paulo Muller, Angela (Spanish Title: Las Fases de la Luna en Una Caja de Cartón.) As Fases da Lua Numa Caixa de Papelãoĭe Fátima O.
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